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Although I respect the author's effort, but the philosophical and theological discourse of this book was profoundly unsatisfactory.

Synopsis

Religion is a transaction.

Think about this: would you still love and worship Jesus if you knew that his death did not guarantee a spot in heaven? What if, instead, worshipping Satan guaranteed a spot in heaven? Would you still worship Jesus?

Based on my experiences, this book lays out the framework for viewing religion through a transactional lens. This lens aims to provide you with a new paradigm. Instead of asking if religion is true, this paradigm asks if it is worth it for you. Like the thousands of philosophers who came before you, you may not be able to decide if religion is true. However, you should find it much easier to decide if it is worth it for you. It transforms a universal question into a personal one.

Hopefully, this book gives you a fresh new perspective for viewing religion. Do not dismiss this perspective just because it could damage or contradict your faith—you have every right to ask if religion is worth your effort. I encourage you to take the plunge and join me in exploring the religious transaction.

The best way to review this book is by reading it objectively. In this world, it is almost guaranteed that most people would not agree on most topics, particularly profound issues that span over the fields of philosophy, theology, ethics, etc... There is so much to learn out there, and perhaps the best strategy would be to observe and acquire as much as possible; quite often, those who have too much to say end up regretting their positions. Accordingly, although I disagree with most of what has been said in this book, I made sure to review it objectively. Plus, it is always enlightening to be mentally challenged, and this is exactly where this book dissatisfied me the most.

As a start, I do not think that the whole thesis of this book has been addressed adequately, at least in a philosophical manner. If one were to discern the acceptance of religion as a transaction, and since all choices require a prominent leap of faith, establishing a game-theoretical approach would explicate the presence of a myriad of gaps in the author's arguments, especially the ones related to the afterlife. If I want to be honest and fair, I would say that the philosophical discussion was not profound and somehow lacking in maturity; it is nowhere close to the required philosophical league which adheres to these issues. For example, any deistic philosopher (and a few readings by Immanuel Kant) -and here I employ deism instead of classical theism because it was not considered in the book; countless individuals have employed reason to arrive at comparable conclusions as those found in theology, especially ones related to the afterlife- could easily refute almost everything that has been said about this transaction, and this is mentioned to point out the philosophical immaturity that was presented, in addition to the absence of any profundity in the discussion. Here lies my disappointment: at countless occasions, it was unchallenging, even repetitive, and quite expectable, which are all signs we would not wish to see in a book discussing a topic of this magnitude. In addition to that, the main challenge that faces the transaction was not properly adhered to nor properly assessed. Yes, it still appears that the gains of this world are quite finite and negligible in comparison to those of the afterlife, and the suffering there seems infinite in comparison to the one here; thus, why should we not make that leap? The fact that there are many options or one could 'create' a god which would punish us for believing in other gods does not really answer anything; the topic still requires a much more thorough discussion.

Another point I would like to discuss is the following: the writer tried to chew some very big chunks. Choosing only one of those religions discussed briefly and trying to cover their philosophical and theological dimensions would fill up volumes, and just refuting them in a few paragraphs would not really mean anything from a theological perspective. For example, the two discussed religions in which I consider myself to be somehow informed about, namely Judaism and Islam, are infinitely more profound than what has been mentioned. For instance, the problem of the afterlife in Judaism is extremely much more intricate than what has been very briefly discussed. Many books and papers discuss that, and a well-informed theologian would not dare make the decisive statement made in this book about the afterlife in Judaism. This implies a lack of knowledge in what the author was talking about, and it just gave off signs of a shallow reading of the religion. Another instance where that was evinced too was when he discussed Islam. I have many points to discuss from a scholarly perspective, but that is not the aim of the review. It just appeared that the author was not sufficiently informed about the profundity of the religion (from an objective perspective) and the topics which he cherry-picked and presented decisively. For example, an instance of an absurd narrative presented in the Quran from the author's perspective is Alexander the Great's establishment of a great wall of iron. However, theologians who are aware of the countless debates in the religion would tell you that no one is sure that Thu-Al-Karnayn (as mentioned in Surat Al Kahf) is actually Alexander, and the nature of that wall he built is also a matter of debate. The fact that the author presented this is to be a decisive event (and this is meant to serve as an example of other instances where the same lack of information was manifest) makes the whole intention questionable. Also, the criteria upon which God places people in heaven or hell appears to be different in the Quran from what the author claimed it to be; the Islamic view on that instead is something completely different, and that is supported by many pieces of evidence in the Quran. It appears as if the author did not venture on 'studying' those religions to stumble upon the truth or learn something new; it somehow appears that this whole study is flawed by the fatal error of confirmational bias, a mistake many people make. It truly leads to a parochial study, and the person doing that would be missing out on a lot. The author was initially convinced with something due to his experience of losing faith, and then he ventured out on proving it in other realms that should have been studied in a much more profound and thorough manner.

I salute the author's efforts, and I do not intend to undermine him or his work. It was just that the whole discourse of the book was generally dissatisfying and truly unchallenging. Instead, I encourage him to venture on perpetually questioning his conclusions and trying to study everything in the absence of any previously present bias. Eventually, we are all somehow trying to find the same thing, and it is our attitude towards it that defines who we are. 

Reviewed by

First of all, Hello! My name is Hassan Zayour. I double majored in Electrical & Computer Engineering and Pure Mathematics with a minor in Philosophy at the American University of Beirut. My favorite activities are reading, writing, and editing.

Synopsis

Religion is a transaction.

Think about this: would you still love and worship Jesus if you knew that his death did not guarantee a spot in heaven? What if, instead, worshipping Satan guaranteed a spot in heaven? Would you still worship Jesus?

Based on my experiences, this book lays out the framework for viewing religion through a transactional lens. This lens aims to provide you with a new paradigm. Instead of asking if religion is true, this paradigm asks if it is worth it for you. Like the thousands of philosophers who came before you, you may not be able to decide if religion is true. However, you should find it much easier to decide if it is worth it for you. It transforms a universal question into a personal one.

Hopefully, this book gives you a fresh new perspective for viewing religion. Do not dismiss this perspective just because it could damage or contradict your faith—you have every right to ask if religion is worth your effort. I encourage you to take the plunge and join me in exploring the religious transaction.

Introduction

“Religion is a transaction,” I remarked.


He paused, as if accepting what I said, but not wanting to fully agree.


It was the spring of 2017, senior year in college. Like senior citizens, college seniors tend to wax philosophical over the friendships they have built over the years. It is a time to reminisce and cherish, a time to ponder and contemplate. And it was at such a time, as the cold Northeastern winter gave way to spring, that our conver­sation started.


Some friends were less interesting than others, he confessed, and it was harder to maintain these friendships. Of course, he felt guilty for saying that about a friend, but he could not help it. I pointed out that friendships were emotional transactions between two peo­ple, each providing emotional fulfillment to the other. He did not need to feel guilty if the transaction did not work out. There was no need to reward loyalty with treachery, but it was not necessary to maintain every friendship at the same level either.


I found this the perfect opportunity to bring up my most recent epiphany on religion.


“Think about this: would you still love and worship Jesus if you knew that his death did not guarantee a spot in heaven? What if, instead, worshipping Satan guaranteed a spot in heaven? Would you still worship Jesus?”


I still considered myself a Christian then. I read the Bible, went to church, attended Bible study, and joined Christian fellowships. In fact, the very person I was speaking to was part of the same Bible study and fellowship. Like many others in that fellowship, I ac­cepted most of the traditional Christian beliefs—Biblical inerrancy, salvation by faith, miracles, prophecies, and resurrection.


But my faith then, in the twilight of my college days, was not the same faith I had started college with. My faith, eroded by years of divine silence, had lost its childlike innocence and become more cynical. Where was God when I struggled with finding my major and career path? I had always been taught that God would guide me, but even as a college senior, I was still unsure of my choices. I was still waiting for my divine confirmation. I was not doing poorly, but I was not doing as well as I had hoped either. Admit­tedly, it is hard to stand out at an Ivy League college, but knowing this did not help my self-doubt.


Moreover, in the polarized aftermath of the 2016 elections, my in­creasingly liberal political stances led to growing dissatisfaction with my religious beliefs. The hypocrisy of embracing Christian morals while condemning Sharia law had bothered me for a while. Justice Kennedy’s poetic closing paragraph in Obergefell v Hodges,[1] reproduced below, awakened my contempt for the Christian op­position to same-sex marriage. When a friend came out a year later, I could not even bring myself to “hate the sin but love the sinner.” Instead, I could only applaud his decision to live the life he wanted. In the months after, the staunch Christian support for Trump pro­pelled my disgust for Christian morals. By the spring of 2017, my observance of Christian morals had become more reluctant than enthusiastic.


No union is more profound than marriage, for it em­bodies the highest ideals of love, fidelity, devotion, sacrifice, and family. In forming a marital union, two people become something greater than once they were. As some of the petitioners in these cases demonstrate, mar­riage embodies a love that may endure even past death. It would misunderstand these men and women to say they disrespect the idea of marriage. Their plea is that they do respect it, respect it so deeply that they seek to find its fulfillment for themselves. Their hope is not to be condemned to live in loneliness, excluded from one of civilization's oldest institutions. They ask for equal dig­nity in the eyes of the law. The Constitution grants them that right.

-        Obergefell v Hodges (2015)


It was against this spiritual backdrop that I continued.


“Sure, I might be thankful that Jesus died for me, but I don’t love him for that. It’s all transactional. I wouldn’t spend one second worshipping him if not for the promise of heaven.”


“Interesting,” came the one-word reply.


Like the discussion, my thinking that time ended there. I saw no reason to pursue it further. Church, despite the time commitments, provided me with valuable social contact. Christianity still gave me the certainty of an afterlife. Most importantly, I still believed.


[1] The United States (US) Supreme Court case whose decision in 2015 le­galized same-sex marriage in the entire US. Justice Kennedy wrote the majority opinion for the Court.

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About the author

Timothy's personal experiences transformed him so much that they motivated him to write his first book, The Religious Transaction, amid his 70-hour work weeks. When he is not writing, he is probably reading somebody else's book or thinking about issues in the world today. Or playing video games. view profile

Published on June 20, 2021

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70000 words

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Genre:Religion & Spirituality

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